Stapedectomy

Stapedectomy is a surgical procedure aimed at restoring hearing loss caused by otosclerosis, a condition where abnormal bone growth within the middle ear interferes with sound transmission. This delicate procedure involves the removal of the stapes bone and its replacement with a prosthetic device, allowing sound vibrations to reach the inner ear more effectively. Here's an overview of the procedure:

Diagnosis and Evaluation:

  • Otosclerosis is typically diagnosed through a combination of patient history, physical examination, and hearing tests.
  • Audiograms and imaging studies such as CT scans are used to assess the extent of damage and plan the surgery.

Preoperative Preparation:

  • Patients undergo a thorough preoperative evaluation to assess their overall health and suitability for surgery.
  • Discussions with the surgical team address expectations, risks, and potential complications.

Surgical Procedure:

  • Stapedectomy is performed under general or local anesthesia, depending on patient and surgeon preference.
  • The surgeon accesses the middle ear through the ear canal, often employing a microscope for precision.
  • The stapes bone, which is immobilized by abnormal bone growth, is carefully removed.
  • A small incision is made in the oval window of the inner ear, and a prosthetic device (often made of titanium) is placed to restore sound transmission.

Postoperative Care:

  • Patients are typically observed for a short period after surgery to monitor for immediate complications.
  • Recovery at home involves keeping the ear dry and avoiding activities that could increase pressure in the ear.
  • Follow-up appointments are scheduled to assess healing and monitor hearing improvement.

Potential Risks and Complications:

  • While stapedectomy is generally safe, there are risks such as infection, hearing deterioration, and balance issues.
  • Rare but serious complications include damage to the facial nerve or inner ear structures.

Expected Outcomes:

  • Most patients experience significant improvement in hearing following a successful stapedectomy.
  • Hearing gains are often noticeable soon after surgery, although some may continue to improve over time.
  • Stapedectomy can greatly enhance quality of life by restoring the ability to communicate effectively and enjoy daily activities.